Este jueves 16 de marzo se radicó oficialmente el proyecto de la reforma laboral del presidente Gustavo Petro, que aunque contó con varios espacios de discusión en la mesa de concertación salarial y laboral, entre gremios, trabajadores y gobierno, aún genera preocupaciones especialmente entre los empresarios e industriales del país.
Para las empresas, los mayores recargos nocturnos y dominicales para trabajadores, así como los contratos a término indefinido, entre otros aspectos definidos en el documento, que analizará el Congreso de la República, acarrearán costos adicionales que podrían llegar incluso al 20 por ciento.
La Federación Nacional de Comerciantes y Empresarios (Fenalco) calcula que de aprobarse la reforma laboral tal y como está propuesta, las empresas del país podrían llegar a asumir costos de entre 12 y 17 por ciento, y en algunos casos se podrían elevar hasta 20 por ciento.
“Este proyecto no va en dirección de solucionar el problema de los millones de desempleados e informales que tiene el país, sino que está direccionado a unas mejores condiciones para la minoría de los colombianos que hoy gozan de estar en la fuerza laboral y a aquellos que están sindicalizados”, dijo el presidente del gremio, Jaime Alberto Cabal.
Para los empresarios, esta reforma no solo elevaría los gastos de las nóminas sino que no solucionaría dos de las grandes problemáticas que tiene el mercado laboral: el desempleo y la informalidad.
Al contrario, según una encuesta que realizaron los comerciantes, el 55 por ciento de los empresarios haría ajustes relacionados con la reducción de nóminas y la disminución de personal, mientras un 27 por ciento evitaría al máximo la contratación de nuevos empleados y un 71 por ciento descartaría, reduciría o disminuiría sus inversiones, debido al incremento de los gastos.
“Reconocemos el trabajo de concertación que ha llevado a cabo el Ministerio del Trabajo. Aun así, estos cambios afectarán la estructura de costos de las empresas”, advirtió, por su parte, Rosmery Quintero, presidenta de la Asociación Colombiana de las Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (Acopi).
El proyecto, que tendrá que surtir ahora su trámite en el Congreso, propone que los colombianos trabajen 42 horas a la semana (hoy son 48 y en julio pasarían a 47) que podrán ser distribuidas, de común acuerdo, entre empleador y trabajador, en 5 o 6 días a la semana.
Además, la jornada nocturna no se iniciaría a las 9 de la noche, sino a las 6 de la tarde, y el trabajo dominical o en días festivos ahora se pagaría con un recargo del 100 por ciento (hoy es de 75 por ciento).
Igualmente, habla de que la licencia de paternidad pase de 2 a 12 semanas de aquí al 2025 y que se acuerden jornadas flexibles de trabajo para armonizar la vida familiar de las personas con hijos menores de edad, personas en condición de discapacidad, con enfermedades o adultos mayores.
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