En el programa Prevención y Acción el ministro de Salud y Protección Social, Fernando Ruiz Gómez, recordó las fases del aislamiento nacional, así como la situación actual de las diferentes ciudades y los compromisos que debemos adquirir en el país en esta nueva etapa de apertura.
El jefe de la cartera de Salud recordó que del 25 de marzo al 26 de abril el país tuvo un aislamiento preventivo obligatorio en primera fase. “Una segunda fase donde crecimos en número de casos y se fue abriendo la economía del 27 de abril al 31 de agosto. Ahora iniciamos la tercera fase de aislamiento selectivo responsable en el cual buscamos que desde el esfuerzo individual trabajemos por la apertura de la economía, pero cuidando los efectos de la pandemia”, señaló.
Destacó que en las dos primeras fases se buscó lentificar la propagación, expandir la capacidad hospitalaria con aumento de UCI y personal para el manejo del covid-19. “Si miramos la situación en Colombia podemos ver que a nivel de país estamos en una etapa de meseta, aplanada, en la cual hemos trabajado fuertemente en la contención del número creciente de casos y la reducción de la epidemia”, detalló el ministro.
“Podemos plantear que hubo un periodo de mayor crecimiento que se dio el 24 de abril. A partir de ese crecimiento empezamos a tener una reducción que hoy se puede ver”, apuntó Ruiz Gómez.
Camas UCI
El objetivo fundamental era crecer en el número de camas de UCI para atender la epidemia. En este sentido, el ministro de Salud afirmó que a la fecha tenemos 10.013 camas de cuidado intensivo en Colombia superando la meta de llegar a las 10 mil, agregando que la cama 10 mil se abrió en el hospital Rosario Pumarejo, de Valledupar.
“Nosotros nos comprometimos con entregar el 70% de los ventiladores que hicieran falta para cada uno de los departamentos en sus procesos de expansión. Desde hace cuatro meses concertamos un plan donde nos dijeron cuántos necesitaban y nos comprometimos con el 70% de cada uno de los departamentos, eso significaba 4.702 ventiladores proporcionados. Esta semana habremos asignado 4.753, es decir, hemos podido asignar la totalidad de los ventiladores que el Gobierno Nacional se comprometió a entregar a todos los territorios”, manifestó, añadiendo que se le ha cumplido al país y a cada uno de los departamentos en la promesa desde el Gobierno Nacional.
A la fecha hay una disponibilidad de 3.719 camas equivalente al 37%. Ante eso, aseveró que se ha podido tener esa capacidad expandida para tener la tranquilidad de generar este proceso de aislamiento y apertura de la economía para soportar las probables eventualidades que se puedan tener en el sistema de salud.
Adicionalmente habló de la capacitación de 95 mil profesionales, técnicos y especialistas del sector salud a través de 40 diferentes cursos virtuales gratuitos con el apoyo de diferentes instituciones como ASCOFAME, ACOFAEN, AMCCI, SENA, la OPS, la Universidad de Antioquia, el CES, la Asociación Colombiana de Sociedades Científicas (ACSC), la Fundación Cardiovascular, el IETS, entre otros. “De estos, 47 mil han sido capacitadas en cuidado intensivo. Todo este entrenamiento buscando la reducción de la mortalidad y morbilidad por covid-19”, puntualizó.
Ciudades
En cuanto a cómo están las ciudades, en Bogotá el ministro señaló que se tiene una tendencia al descenso y desde el 27 de julio se ha reducido la mortalidad.
“Tenemos un número importante de reducción en hospitalización general, teniendo el 7 de julio 167 y el 2 de ese mes el máximo ingreso a UCI. A partir de ese momento hemos reducido sustancialmente y hoy estamos ingresando 11 pacientes en promedio a UCI, cuando en el momento más álgido podían ser 64. Por lo cual hemos venido reduciendo de manera importante la afectación y el uso de los servicios de salud”, dijo el jefe de la cartera de Salud.
En Antioquia se empezó una reducción de la mortalidad desde el 8 de agosto. “Tuvimos el máximo de ingresos a hospitalización general el 18 de julio y a UCI el 20 de julio. Hoy tenemos un 29% de disponibilidad de camas UCI para poder atender todo el departamento, en el cual pasamos de 598 a 1.135”.
En Valle del Cauca el descenso inició el 8 de agosto en la mortalidad. “Tenemos una reducción de ingresos hospitalarios por covid-19 teniendo el máximo de ingresos hospitalarios el 6 de julio. Pasamos de 803 a 1.078 camas UCI con una disponibilidad del 32% a la fecha”, contó.
En Atlántico y Barranquilla se tuvo una reducción de la mortalidad que comenzó su descenso desde el 18 de junio con una reducción de ingresos hospitalarios por covid. El máximo de ingresos a hospitalización general fue el 24 de junio y a UCI el 26 de junio. “En Barranquilla llevamos varios días con cero ingresos a UCI. El crecimiento de UCI fue de 521 a 804 y al día de hoy la disponibilidad es del 58%”.
En Santander se ha tenido un crecimiento de cantidad de UCI desde el 30 de abril pasando de 273 a 520 con una disponibilidad a la fecha del 23%. “Todo esto indica que tenemos ciudades en diferentes etapas de crecimiento, pero que las de mayor peso como Bogotá, Medellín y Cali se encuentran con tendencia al aplanamiento y decrecimiento”, agregó.
Compromiso ciudadano
En las conclusiones, dijo el ministro, es previsible que vamos a entrar en un proceso de apertura donde tenemos ya una reserva que posibilita generarla en mejores condiciones de lo que sería si no hubiéramos actuado hace cuatro meses y probablemente tener que hacer una cuarentena forzada mucho más estricta como se hizo en algunos países de Europa por dos meses.
“La epidemia continúa, esto no significa que el covid-19 ya pasó y podemos salir a la calle a hacer lo mismo que antes. Podemos equivocarnos en eso si no tomamos con seriedad y responsabilidad este riesgo. Las posibilidades de rebrote existen y en la medida que seamos responsables y disciplinados, podemos reducir ese riesgo”, aseguró el ministro.
Finalizó explicando que es previsible que una mayor apertura aumentará el número de casos. “Sobre eso todos los gobernantes locales y población tienen que estar conscientes y actuando sin bajar la guardia”.
“En nuestras manos está evitar que ese aumento nos lleve a sobrepasar las capacidades del sistema. La disponibilidad de UCI es una reserva para afrontar la apertura y hoy conocemos mejor la enfermedad y sabemos tratar mejor a los pacientes graves. No echemos a perder el tiempo ganado y por ninguna circunstancia bajar la guardia. Es tiempo de atender los protocolos, hay que evitar las aglomeraciones. Si nos relajamos, perdemos”, concluyó.
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