– Se destaca un crecimiento de robo externo por parte de bandas organizadas
El robo interno tuvo una fuerte reducción que alcanzó el 60%, con respecto a 2018
– El año pasado se detectaron 146.308 casos de robo externo en los almacenes de cadena del país. De esa cifra se registraron 15% en la Costa Atlántica; 19% en la Costa Pacífica; 54% en el centro del país; 7% en el Occidente y 4% en el Oriente, en la Orinoquía no se detectó ningún caso el año anterior.
– Los artículos más afectados fueron: gaseosas, atún/enlatados; licores, golosinas; carros coleccionables tipo Hot Weels; artículos de aseo personal; ropa en general, droguería, productos cárnicos y granos (sobre todo lentejas que no estaba en la lista en los últimos años).
Durante el evento virtual Retail Experience FENALCO dio a conocer los resultados del más reciente Censo Nacional de Mermas realizado por la firma consultora We Team, con el apoyo de Sensormatic. El informe señala que el 42% de la merma (disminución del inventario) en almacenes y supermercados del país obedece a la modalidad de robo (interno y externo), fraude de proveedores y errores administrativos, que alcanzaron una cifra de más de 248 mil millones de pesos en 2019. De esa cifra 28% corresponde a robos cometidos por funcionarios o empleados y 39% pertenece a robo externo.
En las dos modalidades hay participación de bandas organizadas, que no sólo siguen creciendo, sino que se reinventan ejecutando nuevas formas de robo, más elaboradas y creativas.
El año pasado se detectaron 146.308 casos de robo externo en los almacenes de cadena del país. De esa cifra se registraron 15% en la Costa Atlántica; 19% en la Costa Pacífica; 54% en el centro del país; 7% en el Occidente y 4% en el Oriente, en la Orinoquía no se detectó ningún caso el año anterior.
Por el contrario el robo interno bajó 60%, con respecto al 2018, con una cifra de casos detectados de 3.101.
El top 10 de los más robados y modalidades
En el año 2019 los artículos más afectados fueron: gaseosas, atún/enlatados; licores, golosinas; carros coleccionables tipo Hot Weels; artículos de aseo personal; ropa en general, droguería, productos cárnicos y granos, sobre todo lentejas (está categoría no entraba en la lista en los últimos años).
Los artículos más afectados suelen ser aquellos que representan un menor riesgo para la delincuencia, debido a su esquema de protección. La preferencia en estos artículos es constante en la medida que los alimentos, como los enlatados, las gaseosas, las golosinas y los artículos de aseo personal, mantengan demanda, ya sea para consumo o reventa.
En cuanto al top 10 de productos según su costo se encuentran en la lista licores, atún/enlatados, ropa en general, gaseosas, artículos digitales, artículos de aseo personal, productos cárnicos, golosinas, juguetería y comida para mascotas (estos dos últimos antes no entraban en la lista).
En general las modalidades de robo externo más frecuentes son: ocultar mercancías en prendas, bolsos y carteras (17.6%); sustracción aprovechando que no se entrega bolsa plástica (17.4%) (esto ha tenido un crecimiento importante); sustracción de mercancías en bolsas de aluminio (12.7%); mercancías en bolsas del almacén y tiquetes falsos (11.4%); cambio en el código de las mercancías (5.3%).
Por su parte, en el robo interno se usa la mercancía camuflada en ropa o maletines.(13.6%); cajeros (Mercancía que sale pero no se registra); consumo de alimentos en la tienda (10%); complicidad externa (8,8%); mercancía que no entra pero se factura (8,6%).
En cuanto a fraudes electrónicos los grandes almacenes de cadena registraron un 67%. Bajo la modalidad de pago con tarjeta de crédito (49%); transferencia falsa (8,5%), doble despacho (22.6%) y clonación de facturas (19%).
Con sistema POS, comúnmente llamado tirillas de pago, devoluciones ficticias (40,5%); fraude con monederos o tarjetas de regalo (11.3%); bonos de descuento (22.8%); entrega sin factura (25.4%).
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